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Effect of oral lipid administration on glucose homeostasis in small-for-gestational-age infants

L Sann, P Divry, Y Lasne

    Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica
    |November 1, 1982
    PubMed

    Insights

    Medium-chain triglyceride lipid feeding caused a hyperglycemic response in small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants, similar to appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) infants. These lipids also stimulated ketone body production in SGA infants.

    Area of Science:

    • Metabolic research
    • Infant nutrition
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants often exhibit altered metabolic responses.
    • Understanding the metabolic impact of lipid feeding in SGA infants is crucial for nutritional management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the metabolic effects of medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) lipid feeding in SGA term infants.
    • To compare these effects with appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) term and preterm infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered 1.3 g/kg body weight of lipids (67% MCT) to SGA term infants.
    • Compared metabolic parameters (plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon, free fatty acids, ketone bodies) with control SGA, AGA term, and AGA preterm infants.

    Main Results:

    • Lipid feeding induced a significant increase in plasma glucose in SGA infants, comparable to AGA infants.
    • No significant changes in plasma glucagon or glucose disappearance rate were observed in SGA infants.
    • Lipid load significantly increased ketone body concentrations in SGA infants (120%) compared to AGA infants (40%).

    Conclusions:

    • MCT lipid feeding elicits a hyperglycemic response in SGA infants without altering glucose clearance.
    • These lipids appear to stimulate gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in SGA infants.
    • Findings suggest potential benefits of specific lipid formulations in SGA infant nutrition.

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