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Epidemiology, pathology and clinical features of genital mycoses--1981 status
Abstract:
The clinical picture of candidal vaginitis was described for the first time in 1792. The connection with yeasts was already discovered in the 19th century. Not until the last 35 years, however, have the epidemiologic aspects of genital mycoses and the diagnostic and therapeutic principles been systematically developed. The rise in the incidence of the disease is due to several factors: the administration of corticosteroids, cystostatic agents, and oral contraceptives as well as socioeconomic circumstances. Two serious complications of vaginal yeast infection in pregnant women should be noted: the amniotic infection syndrome and neonatal contamination at the time of delivery. Vulvovaginitis is one of the most common genital diseases in childhood and adolescence. Mycoses can be diagnosed in daily gynecological practice by simple, reliable methods, but only culture on prepared media or by incubation of standardized plates can be depended upon to establish or rule out a mycosis. Effective antimycotics with a broad spectrum of activity have been developed in the last 15 years. We have been primarily concerned with clotrimazole because of our own investigations and impartial comparisons with other fungicidal drugs. Studies of patient compliance have shown that the diseased women accept short-term therapy most readily. However, appropriate control examinations are needed to document the results of treatment.
Insights
Candidal vaginitis, a common yeast infection, has seen rising incidence due to various factors. Effective treatments like clotrimazole are available, with short-term therapies showing better patient compliance.
Area of Science:
- Gynecology
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Candidal vaginitis, a yeast infection, has a long clinical history dating back to 1792.
- Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of genital mycoses have advanced significantly in the last 35 years.
- Increased incidence is linked to corticosteroid use, chemotherapy, oral contraceptives, and socioeconomic factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of candidal vaginitis.
- To highlight complications in pregnant women and adolescents.
- To evaluate antimycotic agents, focusing on clotrimazole and patient compliance.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical and contemporary literature on candidal vaginitis.
- Discussion of diagnostic methods, emphasizing culture-based techniques.
- Evaluation of therapeutic principles and antimycotic drug efficacy, including clotrimazole.
Main Results:
- Candidal vaginitis is a common condition with increasing incidence.
- Complications include amniotic infection syndrome and neonatal contamination.
- Effective broad-spectrum antimycotics have been developed; clotrimazole is a key agent.
- Short-term therapies demonstrate higher patient compliance.
Conclusions:
- Candidal vaginitis requires systematic diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial, especially in pregnant women and adolescents.
- Clotrimazole is an effective treatment option, and short-term regimens improve patient adherence.