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Herpes simplex virus diagnosis. Antigen detection by ELISA and flow microfluorometry
Diagnostic Gynecology and Obstetrics
|January 1, 1982
Summary
Rapid herpes simplex virus (HSV) diagnosis is crucial for obstetrical care. New ELISA and microfluorometric methods offer sensitive, specific detection of HSV antigen and abnormal cervical cells, improving early detection and patient management.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Gynecologic Oncology
Background:
- Rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is critical for managing obstetrical patients.
- HSV-2 is linked to squamous cervical cancer, and HSV antigen presence in atypical cervical cells suggests a role in early cervical lesions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a rapid diagnostic assay for HSV antigen detection.
- To explore the use of immunologic markers for screening abnormal cervical cells in patients with early cervical lesions.
Main Methods:
- Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for rapid viral antigen detection.
- Implementation of a microfluorometric procedure using multiparameter measurements (HSV antigen, DNA content, cell size) for screening abnormal cervical cells.
Main Results:
- The ELISA provides sensitive and specific HSV antigen detection within 24 hours, with 91.6% correlation to virus isolation.
- The ELISA is 100-1000 times more sensitive than traditional virus culture.
- The microfluorometric procedure specifically enriches atypical cervical cells, demonstrating its potential for screening.
Conclusions:
- The developed ELISA offers a rapid and highly sensitive method for HSV diagnosis, particularly beneficial in obstetrics.
- Multiparameter microfluorometry shows promise as a specific screening tool for early detection of abnormal cervical cells associated with HSV.
- These immunologic marker-based approaches can significantly improve early detection and management of HSV infections and related cervical abnormalities.