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Pancreatic beta cell function in the neonatal foal.

A L Fowden, L Ellis, P D Rossdale

    Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Newborn foals have lower insulin and glucose levels than adults, which rise within 48 hours. Glucose tolerance and insulin release improve with age in young horses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Equine Physiology
    • Metabolic Studies
    • Neonatal Animal Research

    Background:

    • Understanding neonatal metabolic regulation is crucial for equine health.
    • Insulin and glucose homeostasis in foals differs significantly from adult horses.
    • Limited data exists on the developmental changes in glucose-insulin dynamics in foals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate plasma insulin and glucose concentrations in foals from birth up to 7 days.
    • To assess the relationship between glucose and insulin levels and their correlation with age.
    • To evaluate the beta-cell responsiveness to glucose stimulation in foals of different ages.

    Main Methods:

    • Plasma insulin and glucose levels were measured in Pony and Thoroughbred foals at birth and up to 7 days post-natally.
    • A glucose tolerance test was performed by injecting glucose (0.5 g/kg) intravenously.
    • Insulin and glucose concentrations were analyzed at various time points.

    Main Results:

    • Foal insulin and glucose levels at birth were lower than in adult animals but similar to in utero levels.
    • Concentrations showed minimal variation in the first 2 hours, rising significantly within 24-48 hours.
    • Glucose injection stimulated a greater insulin release in 5-7-day-old foals compared to newborns.

    Conclusions:

    • Foal glucose-insulin dynamics undergo significant developmental changes within the first week of life.
    • Beta-cell responsiveness to glucose increases with age in neonatal horses.
    • These findings highlight the maturation of metabolic regulation in the early postnatal period for foals.

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