Therapeutic use of double-stranded RNAs in man

The results of studies briefly summarized in this review indicate that: a/ ds-RNAs can induce IFN in man, however, their toxicities are still a serious obstacle for systemic use. b/ The IFN inducing capacity of the known inducers is determined more by physical than by chemical properties of the molecule and the toxicities exerted are neither specific nor unique for ds-RNAs. Several studies indicate that they may result from or be potentiated by the cooperative effect of the induced IFN. c/ The systemic use of ds-RNAs, so far, brought no conclusive evidence of their effectiveness in viral or cancer diseases of man. The rare beneficial effect observed in some cancer and, presumably, non-viral diseases requires reexamination. d/ Topical application remains the safest way of their effective exploitation in man. However, tests with standardized preparations are required before including ds-RNAs in the armament of physician.