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Rapid diagnostic methods for influenza virus in clinical specimens: a comparative study
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
|September 1, 1982
Summary
This study compared rapid diagnostic tests for influenza virus in patients with flu-like symptoms. The rapid tissue culture amplification (TCA) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) showed the most promise for accurate and quick influenza diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Diagnostic Microbiology
Background:
- Influenza virus diagnosis is crucial for patient management.
- Rapid diagnostic techniques are needed for timely identification of influenza infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of five rapid viral diagnostic techniques for influenza virus detection.
- To identify the most sensitive, simple, and rapid method for influenza diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of immune electron microscopy, indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA), and rapid tissue culture amplification (TCA).
- Testing was performed on nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with influenza-like illnesses.
Main Results:
- Immune electron microscopy showed low sensitivity.
- IFAT detected 85.7% of positive cases, ELISA 64.3%, and ELFA 67.8%.
- Rapid tissue culture amplification (TCA) achieved 92.8% sensitivity, identifying influenza virus using fluorescent antibody.
Conclusions:
- The rapid tissue culture amplification (TCA) method demonstrated the highest sensitivity among the tested rapid diagnostic techniques.
- A combination of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and rapid tissue culture amplification (TCA) is recommended for sensitive, simple, and rapid influenza diagnosis.