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Ventriculoperitoneal shunt function: evaluation by sonography.

A M Fried, W E Adams, G T Ellis

    AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
    |May 1, 1980
    PubMed
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    Ultrasonography can assess ventriculoperitoneal shunts. A small amount of intraperitoneal fluid is common in functioning shunts, but its absence doesn't always mean malfunction.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurosurgery
    • Radiology
    • Pediatric Surgery

    Background:

    • Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are crucial for managing hydrocephalus.
    • Accurate assessment of shunt function is vital for patient outcomes.
    • Ultrasonography offers a non-invasive method for evaluating shunt status.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the utility of ultrasonography in assessing ventriculoperitoneal shunt function.
    • To determine the sonographic findings associated with properly functioning and malfunctioning shunts.

    Main Methods:

    • Seventeen patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts underwent ultrasonography.
    • Sonographic findings, including the presence and characteristics of intraperitoneal fluid, were analyzed.
    • Correlation between ultrasonographic findings and clinical shunt function was assessed.

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    Main Results:

    • A small amount of free intraperitoneal fluid was detected in 10 out of 15 patients with functioning shunts.
    • The absence of demonstrable intraperitoneal fluid did not reliably indicate shunt malfunction.
    • Pathologic findings included large amounts of ascites or loculated fluid collections in asymptomatic patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Ultrasonography can identify intraperitoneal fluid in patients with functioning ventriculoperitoneal shunts.
    • Absence of fluid on ultrasonography should not be the sole criterion for diagnosing shunt malfunction.
    • Sonographic detection of significant ascites or loculated fluid suggests shunt pathology.