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Arbovirus-related encephalitis.

R E Shope

    The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Arthropod-borne virus encephalitis, including LaCrosse and St Louis encephalitis, is diagnosed using serological tests. Prevention focuses on vector control, as vaccines and antivirals are not expected soon.

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    Area of Science:

    • Arthropod-borne virus encephalitis
    • Epidemiology
    • Diagnostic methods

    Background:

    • Arthropod-borne virus encephalitis encompasses several diseases in the U.S.A., including LaCrosse, St Louis, western equine, eastern equine, Venezuelan equine, and Powassan.
    • Disease frequency varies, with LaCrosse and St Louis encephalitis being most common.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the diagnosis and prevention of arthropod-borne virus encephalitis in the U.S.A.
    • To highlight the role of clinical history and serological tests in diagnosis.
    • To discuss current and future prevention strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on arthropod-borne virus encephalitis.
    • Analysis of diagnostic criteria including patient history and serological assays.

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  • Evaluation of prevention methods, focusing on vector control.

    • Main Results:

    • Diagnosis is supported by factors like season, climate, location, vector exposure, and patient age.
    • Definitive diagnosis relies on serological tests: neutralization, complement-fixation, hemagglutination-inhibition, and immunofluorescence.
    • Radioimmune assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay show future diagnostic potential.

    Conclusions:

    • Vector control is the primary method for preventing arthropod-borne virus encephalitis.
    • The development and application of vaccines and antiviral agents are unlikely in the near future.