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Summary
Neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, along with certain polypeptides, regulate prolactin secretion. Dopamine acts as a prolactin inhibiting factor, while others stimulate its release.
Area of Science:
- Neuroendocrinology
- Mammalian Physiology
Background:
- Prolactin secretion is crucial for various physiological processes in mammals.
- Understanding its regulation involves identifying key neurochemical and hormonal factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling prolactin secretion in mammals.
- To elucidate the roles of catecholamines, serotonin, and polypeptides in this process.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing evidence on neuroendocrine regulation of prolactin.
- Analysis of studies focusing on neurotransmitters and polypeptides involved in prolactin release.
Main Results:
- Dopamine is identified as a potential physiological prolactin inhibiting factor (PIF).
- Norepinephrine and epinephrine may regulate prolactin release from the hypothalamus.
- Serotonin might stimulate prolactin secretion by influencing prolactin releasing factor (PRF).
- Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide can directly stimulate prolactin release from the adenohypophysis.
Conclusions:
- Mammalian prolactin secretion is under complex neuroendocrine control.
- Multiple neurochemicals and hormones, including dopamine, serotonin, and specific polypeptides, play significant roles.