Non-a, non-b hepatitis: identification of hepatitis-B-like virus particles in serum and liver

Hepatitis B virus-like particles including: small spheres and filaments 15--25 nm in diameter together with a 35--40 nm Dane particle-like virion have been identified in sera of patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis. In a coded serological study, such particles were detected transiently in 3/4 acute, and persistently in 7/8 chronic cases of non-A, non-B hepatitis with non-A, non-B antigenemia. Only 2/12 similar cases without non-A, non-B antigens (Ag) in serum had detectable particles but neither patients with drugs, or type A hepatitis, nor cases of obstructive jaundice. The particles did not express hepatitis B surface (HBs) or non-A, non-B Ag at their surface but were associated, in three patients, with significant endogenous DNA polymerase activity. Furthermore, particles similar to hepatitis B cores (BHc) and also associated with DNA polymerase activity were demonstrated by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation of a liver homogenate obtained from a patient who had died of non-A, non-B hepatitis. The non-A, non-B hepatitis virion described here appears, therefore, as a hepatitis B-like virus. The exact kinship between these two agents is currently being investigated.