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Effect of mannitol on acute amphotericin B nephrotoxicity
Research in Experimental Medicine. Zeitschrift Fur Die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin Einschliesslich Experimenteller Chirurgie
|January 1, 1980
Summary
Mannitol did not significantly protect dogs from amphotericin B-induced kidney damage. Despite increased urine output, both treated and control groups showed declining renal function, indicating limited protective value.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Amphotericin B is a potent antifungal agent with known nephrotoxic potential.
- Preventing or mitigating drug-induced kidney injury is crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of mannitol in preventing acute kidney injury caused by amphotericin B.
- To assess the impact of mannitol on renal function markers in a canine model.
Main Methods:
- A reproducible canine model of amphotericin B nephrotoxicity was employed.
- Dogs received intravenous amphotericin B (2.5 mg/kg) over 4 hours.
- Mannitol (6.25 g IV hourly) was administered to the treatment group; controls received no mannitol.
Main Results:
- Mannitol-treated dogs exhibited higher urinary volume (V) and Na excretion (UNaV).
- Despite mannitol, both groups showed a progressive decline in renal function.
- While inulin clearance (CIn) and p-aminohippurate clearance (CPAH) were higher in mannitol-treated dogs during the 4th hour, the differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
- Mannitol did not provide definitive protection against acute amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity in this canine model.
- Further research may be needed to explore alternative nephroprotective strategies against amphotericin B.