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Polymorphonuclear leukocyte function during otitis media.

G S Giebink, I K Berzins, K L Cates

    The Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology. Supplement
    |May 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function is often impaired in children with otitis media, particularly when caused by specific bacteria. This dysfunction may contribute to persistent middle ear infections.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Otolaryngology
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Otitis media (OM), a common childhood infection, involves middle ear inflammation.
    • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are critical immune cells for fighting bacterial infections.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function in children with serous (SOM) and mucoid otitis media (MOM).
    • To investigate PMN function in an experimental model of acute purulent otitis media caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in chinchillas.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed peripheral blood PMN chemotactic, bactericidal, and chemiluminescence activity in children with OM.
    • Induced acute purulent otitis media in chinchillas using Streptococcus pneumoniae and monitored PMN chemotactic activity.

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    Main Results:

    • 18% of children with SOM or MOM exhibited depressed PMN chemotactic activity.
    • Children with Hemophilus influenzae in middle ear effusions were more likely to have depressed PMN chemotactic activity.
    • Chinchillas with pneumococcal otitis media showed significantly depressed PMN chemotactic activity compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial components, possibly capsular polysaccharides from H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae, may impair PMN function.
    • Impaired PMN response could lead to delayed bacterial killing and persistent middle ear effusions in otitis media.