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Extra- to intracranial arterial anastomoses in therapeutic embolization: recognition and role
Insights
Extra- to intracranial vessel anastomoses are common in various vascular conditions. Identifying these channels can improve patient safety during embolization procedures by monitoring vessel acceptance.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Neurology
- Interventional Radiology
Background:
- Extra- to intracranial vessel anastomoses are observed in healthy individuals.
- These anastomoses are more prevalent in patients with arteriosclerotic occlusive disease, arteriovenous malformations, and after carotid artery ligation.
Observation:
- These collateral channels can be clinically significant during therapeutic embolization procedures.
- They may explain complications such as posterior fossa strokes following occipital artery embolization.
Findings:
- The presence and significance of extra- to intracranial vessel anastomoses are demonstrated.
- These findings highlight potential risks associated with embolization in specific vascular pathologies.
Implications:
- Identifying these anastomotic channels is crucial for enhancing patient safety.
- Monitoring vessel contrast and emboli acceptance can help prevent embolization-related complications.
- This knowledge aids interventionalists in risk assessment and procedural planning.
Abstract:
Anastomoses from extra- to intracranial vessels have been shown in normal patients and, more commonly, in patients with arteriosclerotic occlusive disease, arteriovenous malformation, and postligation of the carotid artery. These channels may be of clinical importance during therapeutic embolization and probably account for two cases of complication, posterior fossa strokes that occurred after blockage of occipital arteries. By identifying these channels and then monitoring the ever-decreasing vessel acceptance of contrast agent and emboli, patient safety may be enhanced.