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Epidemic measles in Shetland during 1977 and 1978

J D Macgregor, J MacDonald, E A Ingram

    British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)
    |February 7, 1981
    PubMed

    Insights

    A 1977-78 measles epidemic in Shetland highlighted low vaccination rates. Measles vaccination demonstrated 92% effectiveness, emphasizing the need for community immunization programs.

    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • An unusual measles epidemic occurred in Shetland during 1977-1978.
    • The epidemic affected 1032 individuals (5% of the population) across all age groups.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the epidemiology and impact of the measles epidemic in Shetland.
    • To assess the effectiveness of measles vaccination in the affected population.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of notified measles cases.
    • Assessment of vaccination status and complication rates.
    • Calculation of vaccination protective effect based on a sample population.

    Main Results:

    • Measles affected 5% of Shetland's population, with significant respiratory complications.
    • Complications were less frequent in female patients.
    • Measles vaccination showed a 92% protective effect in a sample population, with only 30% of children under 5 vaccinated.

    Conclusions:

    • Low measles vaccination uptake in Shetland contributed to the epidemic.
    • Measles vaccination is highly effective and cost-effective.
    • Prioritizing and encouraging community vaccination uptake is crucial for susceptible populations.

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