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Control of breathing during prolonged exercise.

B J Martin, E J Morgan, C W Zwillich

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ventilation drift during prolonged exercise is not caused by increased body temperature. This steady rise in ventilation is instead due to increased dead space ventilation, not changes in blood gases or lactate.

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    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Ventilation (VE) increases steadily during prolonged heavy exercise, a phenomenon known as VE drift.
    • The underlying mechanisms of VE drift remain unclear, despite its implications for gas exchange during sustained physical activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of previously proposed mediators in the VE drift phenomenon.
    • To determine if increased body core temperature contributes to VE drift during prolonged cycling exercise.

    Main Methods:

    • Ten subjects performed one hour of cycle ergometer exercise at a constant workload (2/3 VO2 max).
    • Measurements included ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), dead space ventilation (VD), body core temperature, arterial pH, PCO2, lactate, and VCO2.
    • Passive heating was used to isolate the effect of core temperature.

    Main Results:

    • VE increased by 13% over the hour of exercise (P < 0.05).
    • Despite a rise in core temperature, passive heating did not increase exercise VE.
    • VE drift occurred with stable arterial pH, PCO2, lactate, and VCO2.
    • Tidal volume (VT) remained unchanged, while the ratio of dead space ventilation to tidal volume (VD/VT) increased significantly (P < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Increased body core temperature does not mediate VE drift during prolonged heavy exercise.
    • Changes in arterial pH, PCO2, lactate, or VCO2 are not necessary for the slow increase in VE during prolonged exercise.
    • The observed VE drift is primarily attributed to an increase in dead space ventilation (VD) rather than changes in tidal volume (VT).

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