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Antimicrobial susceptibility of Neisseria meningitidis isolated from 1975-1979
Abstract:
During the period 1975 to 1979, 88 isolates of Neisseria meningitidis from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 28 isolates from blood, and 89 isolates from other sources were serogrouped and tested for their susceptibility to sulphadiazine, penicillin, minocycline and rifampin. Prior to 1979, isolates from CSF or blood were predominantly serogroup B. In the sample tested, the prevalence of this serogroup decreased while the prevalence of serogroup A isolates increased, until in 1979 this was the predominant serogroup. From 1975, the incidence of sulphonamide-resistance in the serogroup B isolates from CSF or blood decreased. However, all serogroup A isolates from these sources, except the first one tested, were sulphonamide-resistant. The 89 isolates from other sources remained predominantly sulphonamide-sensitive serogroup B. All isolates were sensitive to penicillin, minocycline and rifampin.
Insights
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A became more common from 1975-1979, with isolates showing resistance to sulphadiazine. Serogroup B isolates showed decreasing resistance to sulphadiazine, while all isolates remained sensitive to penicillin, minocycline, and rifampin.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Neisseria meningitidis is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis.
- Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria meningitidis poses a significant public health challenge.
- Understanding serogroup prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the serogroup distribution of Neisseria meningitidis isolates.
- To assess the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Neisseria meningitidis over time.
- To investigate changes in sulphadiazine resistance in relation to serogroup and source of isolation.
Main Methods:
- Serogrouping of 88 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 28 blood, and 89 other isolates of Neisseria meningitidis.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against sulphadiazine, penicillin, minocycline, and rifampin.
- Analysis of isolate data from 1975 to 1979.
Main Results:
- A shift in serogroup prevalence was observed, with serogroup B decreasing and serogroup A increasing, becoming predominant by 1979.
- Sulphaadiazine resistance decreased in serogroup B isolates from CSF and blood.
- All serogroup A isolates from CSF and blood (except one) were sulphadiazine-resistant; other sources remained largely sulphadiazine-sensitive.
- All isolates tested were sensitive to penicillin, minocycline, and rifampin.
Conclusions:
- The study highlights a changing epidemiology of Neisseria meningitidis, with an increase in sulphadiazine-resistant serogroup A.
- Continued surveillance of serogroup prevalence and antimicrobial resistance is essential.
- Penicillin, minocycline, and rifampin remain effective treatment options against the studied isolates.