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Corticosteroid effect on epidermal cell size.

C Delforno, P J Holt, R Marks

    The British Journal of Dermatology
    |June 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Topical corticosteroids like betamethasone 17-valerate reduce epidermal thickness by decreasing cell size, not cell number. These atrophogenic effects are rapid, reversible, and dose-dependent, suggesting cell size is a sensitive indicator.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Pharmacology
    • Histopathology

    Background:

    • Topical corticosteroids are widely used for inflammatory skin conditions.
    • Understanding their mechanism of action, particularly epidermal changes, is crucial for safe and effective use.
    • Epidermal atrophy is a known side effect of potent corticosteroids.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To histometrically evaluate epidermal changes induced by three topical corticosteroids: betamethasone 17-valerate, hydrocortisone 17-butyrate, and hydrocortisone.
    • To determine whether epidermal thinning is due to a reduction in cell number or cell size.
    • To assess the reversibility and dose-dependency of corticosteroid-induced epidermal changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Human volunteers were treated with betamethasone 17-valerate, hydrocortisone 17-butyrate, and hydrocortisone.

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  • Epidermal thickness and cell size were measured using histometric analysis.
  • Dose-response relationships and reversibility of effects were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant reduction in epidermal thickness correlated with a decrease in viable epidermal cell size, not cell number.
    • Epidermal thinning was found to be a function of reduced cell size.
    • Observed changes were rapid in onset and rapidly reversible; potency was equivalent between 0.1% hydrocortisone 17-butyrate and 0.1% betamethasone 17-valerate.

    Conclusions:

    • Topical corticosteroid-induced epidermal thinning results from a reduction in cell size.
    • Measurement of epidermal cell size may serve as an early and sensitive biomarker for corticosteroid-induced atrophogenicity.
    • A positive dose-effect relationship exists for betamethasone 17-valerate, with reduced cell size paralleling increased concentrations.