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Changes in cardiovascular and renal function during catecholamine infusions in developing swine.

N M Buckley, A N Charney, P Brazeau

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |April 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The study found that dopamine's ability to dilate renal blood vessels develops later than norepinephrine's ability to constrict them in maturing swine. This impacts kidney function during development.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Renal Physiology
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Norepinephrine and dopamine are critical catecholamines affecting cardiovascular and renal functions.
    • Understanding their differential effects during development is crucial for pediatric medicine.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the age-dependent renal and cardiac responses to norepinephrine and dopamine infusions in swine.
    • To determine the maturation timeline for renal vascular responses to these catecholamines.

    Main Methods:

    • Swine neonates (1-2 weeks) and mature animals (6 months) were studied under anesthesia.
    • Hemodynamic parameters (aortic pressure, cardiac function) and renal blood flow (RBF) were monitored.
    • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured using [14C]inulin clearance.

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  • Sequential infusions of norepinephrine and dopamine were administered at equipressor or equi-inotropic doses.

    • Main Results:

    • Both norepinephrine and dopamine increased GFR in piglets.
    • Norepinephrine consistently decreased RBF and increased renal resistance in both age groups.
    • Dopamine increased RBF and decreased renal resistance only in mature swine, not in piglets.
    • Low-dose dopamine failed to elicit renal vasodilation in piglets.

    Conclusions:

    • The mechanism for dopamine-induced renal vasodilation matures later than the mechanism for norepinephrine-induced renal vasoconstriction.
    • Renal vascular responsiveness to catecholamines is significantly influenced by age and maturation.