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Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. A 10 year experience.

J R Gregory, J R Campbell, M W Harrison

    American Journal of Surgery
    |May 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study found a low incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonatal intensive care units, possibly due to delayed enteral feedings and increased use of parenteral nutrition for premature infants.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatology
    • Pediatric Surgery
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal emergency in neonates.
    • The incidence of NEC varies significantly across neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
    • Risk factors for NEC include prematurity, low birth weight, and enteral feeding practices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the incidence of NEC in a specific NICU population.
    • To identify clinical characteristics and outcomes of infants with NEC.
    • To explore potential factors contributing to a lower-than-expected NEC incidence.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of infants admitted to NICUs.
    • Analysis of NEC incidence, timing of onset, feeding practices, surgical interventions, and mortality.

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  • Comparison of observed NEC incidence with previously reported data.

    • Main Results:

    • An incidence of 0.83% for NEC was observed in 5,030 NICU admissions.
    • Most NEC cases developed after one week of life, particularly in very low birth weight infants.
    • Delayed enteral feeding and reliance on parenteral nutrition were associated with lower NEC rates.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed low NEC incidence may be linked to delayed enteral feeding and increased use of parenteral nutrition.
    • Early surgical intervention is crucial for NEC management, with high mortality rates.
    • Further research is needed to confirm the protective effect of feeding strategies on NEC development.