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Cyanide intoxication in sheep; therapeutics.

G E Burrows

    Veterinary and Human Toxicology
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sodium thiosulfate is the most effective cyanide antidote, showing high efficacy and low toxicity in sheep studies. It successfully treated lethal doses of sodium cyanide up to 30 minutes after exposure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Toxicology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Cyanide poisoning poses a significant threat in various settings.
    • Effective and rapid antidote administration is crucial for survival.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of different cyanide antidotes in sheep.
    • To determine the impact of delayed therapy on antidote effectiveness.

    Main Methods:

    • Oral administration of sodium cyanide to sheep followed by various antidote treatments.
    • Comparison of antidote efficacy based on survival rates and time to therapy.

    Main Results:

    • Sodium thiosulfate (660 mg/kg) and p-aminopropriophenone (1 mg/kg) were effective for moderate lethal doses of cyanide.
    • High-dose sodium thiosulfate, alone or combined with other agents, effectively antagonized high cyanide doses.
    • Conventional low-dose nitrite/thiosulfate combinations were less effective.

    Conclusions:

    • High-dose sodium thiosulfate is the preferred antidote for cyanide poisoning due to its efficacy and low toxicity.
    • While other antidotes can be used adjunctively, sodium thiosulfate provides the primary therapeutic benefit.

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