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Blood viscosity after splenectomy.

D A Robertson, F G Simpson, M S Losowsky

    British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)
    |August 29, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Splenectomy increases blood viscosity due to reduced red blood cell deformability and higher platelet counts. This change in blood rheology may explain increased ischemic heart disease deaths years after spleen removal.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Surgical Outcomes

    Background:

    • The spleen plays a role in red blood cell maintenance and removal of inclusions.
    • Splenectomy can lead to changes in blood composition and rheology.
    • Increased blood viscosity is a risk factor for cardiovascular events.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of splenectomy on blood viscosity and its determinants.
    • To explore the relationship between splenectomy, red blood cell deformability, and platelet count.
    • To assess the potential link between post-splenectomy blood viscosity changes and ischemic heart disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of whole-blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, fibrinogen concentration, packed cell volume, red-cell deformability, and platelet count.

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  • Comparison of these parameters in 20 asymptomatic patients post-splenectomy versus controls.
  • Serial measurements in six patients before and after splenectomy, and in laparotomy controls.

    • Main Results:

    • Significantly increased whole-blood viscosity was observed after splenectomy.
    • This increase was associated with higher platelet counts and notably decreased red-cell deformability.
    • Blood viscosity increased in all splenectomized patients but not in laparotomy controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Splenectomy impairs red-cell deformability, likely due to spleen-removed inclusions, leading to increased blood viscosity.
    • Elevated blood viscosity post-splenectomy may contribute to the increased long-term risk of ischemic heart disease.