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Prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis by rat glomerular epithelial cells
Kidney International
|October 1, 1981
Summary
Rat glomerular epithelial cells synthesize prostaglandins and thromboxanes. Angiotensin II primarily stimulates PGE2, while arachidonic acid stimulates both PGE2 and thromboxane synthesis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology and Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology and Biochemistry
Background:
- Isolated rat glomeruli are known to synthesize prostaglandins (PG) and thromboxanes (Tx).
- Understanding the specific cell types and their roles in producing these eicosanoids is crucial for renal physiology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate PG and Tx synthesis by cultured glomerular cells.
- To determine the effects of arachidonic acid and angiotensin II on eicosanoid production in these cells.
Main Methods:
- Culturing rat glomerular cells and identifying them using electron microscopy.
- Quantifying PG and Tx synthesis via radioimmunoassay and radiochromatography.
- Stimulating cells with arachidonic acid, angiotensin II (AII), angiotensin III (AIII), and ionophore A23187.
Main Results:
- The predominant cultured cell type was identified as glomerular epithelial cells.
- These cells synthesized PGE2, TxB2, PGF2α, and 6-keto-PGF1α.
- Angiotensin II preferentially stimulated PGE2 synthesis, while arachidonic acid and A23187 stimulated both PGE2 and TxB2.
Conclusions:
- Rat glomerular epithelial cells are capable of synthesizing both PG and Tx.
- Angiotensin II and III stimulation of PG synthesis may involve a common receptor, primarily yielding vasodilatory PGE2.
- The balance of synthesized eicosanoids (vasodilatory PGE2 vs. vasoconstrictor TxA2) depends on the substrate availability and intracellular signaling pathways.