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Hypothyroidism and prolactin.

L Van Gaal, R Abs, I De Leeuw

    European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
    |November 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Primary hypothyroidism significantly increases prolactin levels, both at baseline and after thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation. This finding may explain conditions like amenorrhea and galactorrhea in patients with hypothyroidism.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Reproductive Medicine

    Background:

    • Primary hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder.
    • Hyperprolactinemia can present with or without clinical symptoms.
    • The relationship between thyroid function and prolactin levels requires further elucidation.

    Observation:

    • Patients with primary hypothyroidism exhibited significantly elevated basal prolactin levels compared to controls.
    • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation resulted in a significantly greater prolactin increase in hypothyroid patients.
    • No correlation was observed between the maximal thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin increase.

    Findings:

    • Primary hypothyroidism is associated with significantly increased basal and TRH-stimulated prolactin levels.
    • These hormonal changes may underlie clinical manifestations such as amenorrhea and galactorrhea.

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  • The degree of TSH elevation does not correlate with the extent of prolactin increase.

    • Implications:

    • Understanding hypothyroidism-induced hyperprolactinemia is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
    • This study highlights the importance of assessing prolactin levels in hypothyroid patients.
    • Further research into the pathogenesis of hyperprolactinemia in hypothyroidism is warranted.