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A flexible system for closed-loop ventilator development.

W I Marsh, W D Smith

    Journal of Medical Systems
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study shows a microcomputer can control artificial ventilation by adjusting breathing frequency based on end-tidal CO2 levels. This technology offers precise regulation for patient respiratory support.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Control Systems
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Artificial ventilation is crucial for patients with respiratory failure.
    • Precise control of ventilation parameters is essential for patient outcomes.
    • Existing systems may lack adaptability and real-time responsiveness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the feasibility of using a microcomputer for artificial ventilation control.
    • To develop and test a microcomputer-based feedback system for ventilation regulation.
    • To assess the system's ability to maintain target end-tidal CO2 levels.

    Main Methods:

    • Implemented a sampled-data proportional, integral, derivative (PID) feedback controller on a microcomputer.
    • Interfaced the microcomputer with a digital/analogue model of a ventilator and a two-compartment patient model.

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  • Developed algorithms for microcomputer to sample end-tidal CO2 and calculate ventilation frequency.

    • Main Results:

    • The microcomputer successfully controlled ventilation delivery.
    • The system maintained end-tidal CO2 at a desired set point with appropriate feedback constants.
    • Programmable BASIC language facilitated easy manipulation of the feedback structure.

    Conclusions:

    • Microcomputer control of artificial ventilation is feasible.
    • A PID feedback controller implemented on a microcomputer can effectively regulate ventilation.
    • This approach offers a promising method for precise, adaptive respiratory support.