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Human intestinal potential difference: recording method and biophysical implications.

R F Gustke, P McCormick, H Ruppin

    The Journal of Physiology
    |December 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The human small intestine maintains a resting electrical potential difference (PD) of -12 mV. This PD is likely generated by active anion secretion, not Na and Cl absorption, with varying cation selectivity between the jejunum and ileum.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Physiology
    • Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • The transmural electrical potential difference (PD) is crucial for small intestinal function.
    • Accurate measurement requires careful control of electrical symmetry, shielding, and junction potentials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To accurately measure the intact human small intestine's transmural electrical potential difference (PD).
    • To investigate the ionic basis of the resting PD and paracellular permeability.

    Main Methods:

    • Recording transmural electrical potential difference (PD) in the human jejunum and ileum.
    • Perfusion with isotonic NaCl and D-mannitol solutions.
    • Analysis of diffusion potentials and osmotic water flow.

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    Main Results:

    • A consistent mucosa-negative PD of -12 mV was observed in the fasting jejunum and ileum.
    • Na and Cl absorption were non-electrogenic; PD likely results from active anion secretion.
    • Ileum showed higher cation selectivity than the jejunum, impacting paracellular permeability.
    • No streaming potential detected during osmotic water flow, suggesting temporary inactivation of cation selectivity.

    Conclusions:

    • The resting PD in the human small intestine is primarily driven by active anion secretion.
    • Differences in cation selectivity between jejunum and ileum significantly influence paracellular pathways.
    • Intestinal ion transport mechanisms adapt to physiological conditions like osmotic water flow.