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Initial experience with the cochlear implant in children
Insights
Cochlear implants are feasible for children, with 12 profoundly deaf individuals aged 3.5-17 years showing results similar to adults. These implants enable sound differentiation and reduce environmental noise, demonstrating benefits for pediatric hearing loss.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Pediatric Audiology
Background:
- Cochlear prostheses, or implants, were considered for pediatric use following successful trials in deaf adults.
- The potential benefits of auditory input were believed to outweigh the risks associated with the surgical procedure.
- A study was initiated to evaluate the efficacy of single-electrode cochlear implants in profoundly deaf children.
Observation:
- Twelve profoundly deaf children, aged 3.5 to 17 years, received single-electrode cochlear implants by December 1981.
- Audiometric testing was conducted to assess the implant's performance across various frequencies.
- Behavioral observations were made regarding vocal modulation and interaction with environmental sounds.
Findings:
- Test results in pediatric subjects were consistent with those observed in adult cochlear implant users.
- Mean hearing thresholds for the pediatric group ranged from 59-64 dB SPL.
- Children demonstrated improved abilities in differentiating sound timing and intensity compared to unaided performance or hearing aid use.
Implications:
- The study indicates that cochlear implantation is a viable option for profoundly deaf children under 18.
- Improved auditory perception may lead to enhanced speech production and reduced reactive noise behaviors.
- This preliminary data supports the expansion of cochlear implant candidacy to the pediatric population.
Abstract:
The decision to implant cochlear prostheses in children came after positive findings with deaf adults and the belief that the benefits of receiving sound far outweigh the potential risks involved. As of December 1981, 12 profoundly deaf children have received the single-electrode cochlear implant. Their ages range from 3.5 to 17 years. Test results are consistent with those of adults. Mean thresholds across the frequency range fall between 59-64 dB SPL. With the implant, these children can perform specific timing and intensity differentiations which could not be done with hearing aids. Their voices are quieter and more modulated, and the children are not quite as noisy with objects in the environment (eg, do not slam doors any more). This preliminary data demonstrates that implanting subjects under the age of 18 years is feasible.