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Related Experiment Videos

Active calcium uptake by islet-cell endoplasmic reticulum.

J R Colca, J M McDonald, N Kotagal

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |June 25, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Islet cells actively absorb calcium into their endoplasmic reticulum, a process vital for regulating insulin secretion. This ATP-driven mechanism is crucial for cellular calcium homeostasis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Endocrinology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Cellular calcium homeostasis is critical for various cellular functions, including insulin secretion.
    • The endoplasmic reticulum plays a significant role in regulating intracellular calcium levels.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate active calcium uptake in islet cell subcellular fractions.
    • To characterize the properties and localization of the calcium uptake system within islet cells.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of subcellular fractions enriched in endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane from islets.
    • Measurement of calcium uptake using techniques sensitive to ATP and magnesium.
    • Assessment of ionophore A23187, azide, and ruthenium red effects on calcium uptake.

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  • Comparison of calcium uptake between different subcellular fractions to determine localization.

    • Main Results:

    • Active, ATP- and magnesium-dependent calcium uptake was demonstrated in an endoplasmic reticulum-enriched fraction.
    • Oxalate sustained calcium accumulation, while ionophore A23187 reversed uptake.
    • The calcium uptake system was localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, not the plasma membrane.
    • Islet endoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake exhibited properties similar to other cell types, with a Km for ionized calcium of 1.5 +/- 0.3 microM and potassium stimulation.

    Conclusions:

    • The endoplasmic reticulum of islet cells possesses an active calcium uptake system.
    • This system is crucial for maintaining cellular calcium homeostasis and likely regulates insulin secretion.