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Limitations to exercise capacity and endurance: pulmonary system.

J Dempsey, P Hanson, D Pegelow

Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Sciences. Journal Canadien Des Sciences Appliquees Au Sport

|March 1, 1982

Summary

Highly trained athletes may experience arterial hypoxemia during intense exercise and tachypneic hyperventilation during prolonged heavy exertion. These pulmonary responses highlight potential exercise limitations linked to advanced training states.

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Area of Science:

Exercise Physiology
Pulmonary Medicine
Sports Science

Background:

The pulmonary system typically exhibits precise homeostatic regulation during exercise.
Physiologic costs are generally efficient, operating within maximum reserves.

Purpose of the Study:

To document exceptions to normal pulmonary responses in highly-trained athletes.
To discuss causes and consequences of these exercise limitations.

Main Methods:

Observational study documenting pulmonary responses in elite athletes.
Analysis of arterial hypoxemia during high-intensity exercise.
Assessment of ventilation patterns during prolonged heavy exercise.

Main Results:

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Arterial hypoxemia observed in short-term exercise exceeding VO2 of 4-5 L/min.

Tachypneic hyperventilation noted during long-term, heavy exercise in diverse environments.

The trained state is identified as a contributing factor to pulmonary limitations.

Conclusions:

Highly-trained athletes can exhibit pulmonary limitations not seen in the general population.
These limitations, including hypoxemia and hyperventilation, are linked to the advanced training state.