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Hypothalamic and pituitary dysfunction in obese males.

J M Amatruda, M Hochstein, T H Hsu

    International Journal of Obesity
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Obesity in males is linked to hypothalamic and pituitary dysfunction, affecting prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone release. These hormonal abnormalities worsen with increasing obesity levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Obesity Research

    Background:

    • Obesity is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary axis dysfunction.
    • Previous studies suggest hormonal imbalances in obese individuals.
    • The specific nature and extent of this dysfunction require further characterization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the hypothalamic-pituitary axis function in obese males.
    • To determine the impact of obesity on hormonal regulation.
    • To characterize the extent of neuroendocrine dysfunction in obesity.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 12 obese males.
    • Assessed hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function via human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and clomiphene challenges.
    • Evaluated pituitary response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at 100 and 200 micrograms.
    • Measured prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and chlorpromazine.

    Main Results:

    • Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function was normal.
    • L-dopa effectively suppressed prolactin.
    • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release was blunted, inversely related to obesity degree.
    • Chlorpromazine-induced prolactin release was also blunted, more so than TRH response.
    • Obese males showed abnormal pituitary response to 100 micrograms GnRH but normal response to 200 micrograms.

    Conclusions:

    • Obesity in males is associated with significant hypothalamic and pituitary dysfunction.
    • Abnormalities in prolactin and TSH release worsen with increasing obesity.
    • Pituitary gonadotropin reserve may be impaired in obese males, particularly at lower GnRH stimulation levels.

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