Pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone in children

The gonadotropin secretory patterns of 22 sexually immature children were analyzed in detail to determine whether pulsatile secretion occurs before the onset of puberty. Eight endocrinologically normal children, 13 children with isolated GH deficiency, and 1 girl with 45X gonadal dysgenesis were divided into 2 groups according to bone age. Group A children had bone ages less than 10 yr, and group B had bone ages between 10-11.5 yr. Blood samples were drawn every 20 min for periods of 3-11 h during both the day and night; in addition, 12-h urine collections were made for gonadotropin determinations. Mean nocturnal concentrations of LH and FSH were significantly greater than daytime values in 8 of 15 and 5 of 15 children in group A and in 6 of 7 and 1 of 7 in group B, respectively. Nocturnal urinary excretion of LH and FSH was significantly greater in group A children. Eight children in group A, including 4 whose bone ages were less than 5 yr, and 4 group B children had discernible LH pulses. LH pulses were detected during the day and night in both groups. LH pulse amplitude was greater during the night in both groups, but was greatest in group B (A, 1.9 +/- 0.2 mIU/ml; B, 3.0 +/- 0.3 mIU/ml). In children who demonstrated pulsatile secretion, LH pulse frequency appeared to be similar during the day and night and was slightly faster in the older children (A, every 3 h; B, every 2 h). These studies demonstrated that LH is secreted in a pulsatile manner well before the onset of puberty. Furthermore, the gonadotropin secretory pattern characteristic of early puberty results from the amplification of an already existing circadian pattern of gonadotropin secretion.