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Immunological studies on equine phycomycosis.

R I Miller, R S Campbell

    Australian Veterinary Journal
    |June 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Immunological tests for phycomycosis in horses revealed that infected animals developed antibodies against Hyphomyces destruens. Many horses showed evidence of past exposure and developed resistance to this fungal infection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Immunology
    • Mycology
    • Equine Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Phycomycosis is a significant fungal infection affecting horses.
    • Understanding the immune response is crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • Hyphomyces destruens is the causative agent of equine phycomycosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the immunological aspects of phycomycosis in horses.
    • To develop and evaluate diagnostic tests for equine phycomycosis.
    • To assess cellular and humoral immunity in infected, recovered, and healthy horses.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of one in vivo and two in vitro immunological tests.
    • Agar-gel double diffusion test for antibody detection.
    • Complement fixation test for antibody quantification.

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  • Intradermal hypersensitivity (Heaf) test for cellular immunity assessment.

    • Main Results:

    • All clinically infected horses showed positive antibody reactions in the agar-gel double diffusion test.
    • Complement fixation test detected antibodies in 82% of clinical cases.
    • The Heaf test indicated cellular immunity in 64% of infected, 100% of recovered, and 31% of in-contact horses.
    • Negative hypersensitivity tests in some infected horses suggested anergy or lack of stimulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Horses infected with Hyphomyces destruens develop detectable antibodies.
    • Cellular immunity is present in infected and recovered horses, with strong evidence in recovered animals.
    • Many horses demonstrate past exposure to H. destruens and have acquired resistance.
    • Immunological tests can aid in diagnosing and understanding phycomycosis in horses.