Occult thyroid carcinoma appearing as a single mandibular metastasis

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Head and Neck Surgery
• Oncology

Background:

• Extraglandular follicular thyroid tissue in the head and neck is uncommon.
• Its origins include aberrant embryologic rests, strap muscle action, lymphatic spread, and malignant transformation.
• Management strategies for ectopic thyroid tissue remain controversial.

Observation:

• A case of occult follicular thyroid carcinoma is presented.
• The carcinoma presented with a unique, isolated metastasis to the mandible.
• No primary thyroid tumor was initially evident.

Findings:

• Follicular thyroid carcinoma can present as extraglandular disease.
• Solitary mandibular metastasis from occult thyroid carcinoma is a rare presentation.
• This case underscores the importance of considering thyroid malignancy in unexplained head and neck masses.

Implications:

• Highlights the diagnostic challenges of extraglandular thyroid tissue.
• Suggests the need for thorough investigation of occult thyroid malignancy.
• Informs surgical and oncologic management strategies for rare head and neck presentations.