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Legionnaires' disease. Clinical and pathologic features and current management
Postgraduate Medicine
|February 1, 1983
Summary
Legionnaires' disease, caused by Legionella pneumophila, can present mildly or severely, with historical cases dating back to 1947. Effective treatment involves erythromycin, sometimes combined with rifampin.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Microbiology
Background:
- Legionnaires' disease is a notable infectious illness first identified in 1976.
- The causative agent, Legionella pneumophila, has been linked to pneumonia outbreaks predating 1976, with cases as early as 1947.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of Legionnaires' disease.
- To discuss the historical context, clinical presentation, and treatment of Legionnaires' disease.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical data and medical literature.
- Analysis of stored serum samples to identify the causative agent.
Main Results:
- Legionella pneumophila identified as the cause of Legionnaires' disease.
- Disease spectrum ranges from mild symptoms (myalgias, cough) to severe pneumonia with high mortality (up to 30%).
- Incubation period is approximately 24 hours.
Conclusions:
- Legionnaires' disease has a long history, with evidence of outbreaks occurring decades before its official identification.
- Erythromycin, with or without rifampin, is the recommended therapy.
- The disease presents a significant public health concern due to its potential severity and mortality.