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Abnormal glucose tolerance and lipid abnormalities in Indian myocardial infarct survivors
Insights
In Indian patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), abnormal glucose tolerance and elevated lipid levels, including cholesterol and triglycerides, are significant risk factors. These findings highlight the importance of metabolic health in cardiovascular disease prevention.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant health concern in India.
- Understanding risk factors like glucose tolerance and lipid profiles is crucial for managing CAD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare glucose tolerance and lipid levels in Indian patients with CAD versus healthy controls.
- To identify potential metabolic risk factors associated with CAD in this population.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 103 Indian patients with diagnosed CAD and a matched healthy control group.
- Assessment of glucose tolerance, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels.
- Analysis of correlations between body mass index (BMI) and lipid profiles.
Main Results:
- 55% of CAD patients exhibited abnormal glucose tolerance.
- CAD patients had significantly higher cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to controls.
- Males with CAD showed lower HDL cholesterol levels; BMI negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia are prevalent and significant risk factors in Indian patients with CAD.
- Metabolic derangements, particularly elevated triglycerides in those with abnormal glucose tolerance, are strongly linked to CAD.
- Early detection and management of glucose intolerance and lipid abnormalities are vital for CAD prevention in Indian adults.
Abstract:
Glucose tolerance and lipid levels in a random sample of 103 Indian patients (96 males and 7 females) with coronary artery disease (CAD) aged between 20 and 55 years were compared with those in a healthy Indian control group matched as regards age and sex. Previous episodes of myocardial infarction were taken as evidence of CAD. Of the patients 44% were overweight. Glucose tolerance was abnormal in 55% of the patients. Both cholesterol and triglyceride values in the patients with CAD were significantly higher than those in the control group. Serum cholesterol levels were over 6,5 mmol/l in 62% of the patients with CAD and serum triglyceride levels were over 2,0 mmol/l in .53%. Males with CAD tended to have lower plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels than the control group (P less than 0,01). There was a significant negative correlation between body mass index and HDL cholesterol, and no correlation was demonstrated between body mass index and total cholesterol or triglyceride levels. Furthermore, when the patients were sub-grouped according to their glucose tolerances it was found that only the triglyceride levels were significantly different (values were higher in those with abnormal glucose tolerance). Our data suggest that abnormal glucose tolerance and lipid aberrations are significant risk factors in Indian patients with CAD.