Modifications of ganglioside patterns in human meningiomas

Ganglioside content and distribution were determined in control meninges and in 30 human meningiomas belonging to four different histological types. Irrespective of the histological classification all meningiomas showed a ganglioside content significantly higher than that of control meninges. The analysis of ganglioside distribution in each meningioma showed that in the majority of the cases the increase of ganglioside content was primarily the result of selective accumulation of ganglioside GM3; in the remaining cases ganglioside GM1 was present in a significantly higher amount than in the control dura mater and leptomeninges. A common feature of both types of meningiomas is a simplification of ganglioside pattern, with a shift from the polysialylated to the monosialylated forms. A tentative classification of meningiomas into "GM3-rich" and "GM1-rich" types, together with an explanation for the selective accumulation of these two types of ganglioside, is proposed.