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"Hidden observer" phenomena in hypnosis: an experimental creation?

J R Laurence, C Perry, J Kihlstrom

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Spanos and Hewitt's claim that the hidden observer phenomenon is a laboratory artifact is challenged. The review suggests their experiment overlooks contextual factors and lacks detailed subject reports, questioning its definitive conclusions on hypnosis research.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Hypnosis Research
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • The

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Critically review Spanos and Hewitt's (1980) experiment challenging Hilgard's "hidden observer" phenomenon.
    • Evaluate whether their findings definitively prove the phenomenon to be a laboratory artifact.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of Spanos and Hewitt's experimental design and reported results.
    • Comparison of Spanos and Hewitt's methodology and conclusions with Hilgard's original research on the hidden observer effect.

    Main Results:

    • Spanos and Hewitt's experiment may not fully capture the complexity of the hidden observer phenomenon.
    • Their findings might be influenced by demand characteristics and social-psychological context, rather than solely indicating artifact.

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    Conclusions:

    • The hidden observer phenomenon in hypnosis may be influenced by contextual factors, not just artifact.
    • Spanos and Hewitt's experiment, as reported, does not provide sufficient grounds to dismiss the phenomenon entirely.