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Pharmacokinetics of furosemide urinary elimination by nephrotic children

J Prandota

    Pediatric Research
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed

    Insights

    Furosemide (F) absorption was faster in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) but overall bioavailability was unaffected. Elimination half-life and urinary excretion showed no correlation with serum albumin levels in NS patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacokinetics
    • Pediatric Nephrology
    • Drug Metabolism

    Background:

    • Nephrotic syndrome (NS) can alter drug pharmacokinetics in children.
    • Understanding furosemide (F) absorption and elimination is crucial for effective treatment in pediatric NS.
    • Previous studies suggest potential alterations in drug handling in NS patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the absorption, bioavailability, and elimination kinetics of furosemide in children with steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome.
    • To compare furosemide pharmacokinetics between NS patients and healthy children receiving furosemide therapy.
    • To assess the relationship between serum albumin levels and furosemide elimination in pediatric NS.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered single oral doses of furosemide (2 mg/kg) to NS patients and control children.
    • Calculated furosemide absorption rate and elimination half-life from urinary excretion data.
    • Assessed furosemide bioavailability and first-pass effect.
    • Correlated pharmacokinetic parameters with serum albumin concentrations.

    Main Results:

    • Furosemide absorption rate was significantly faster in NS patients compared to controls.
    • Furosemide bioavailability averaged 58.8% in NS patients, indicating unaffected gastrointestinal absorption.
    • Elimination half-life and cumulative urinary excretion of furosemide did not correlate with serum albumin levels in NS patients.
    • No significant difference in cumulative furosemide urinary excretion was observed between the two groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Gastrointestinal absorption and bioavailability of furosemide are not significantly affected by nephrotic syndrome or age in children.
    • Serum albumin concentration does not appear to be the primary determinant of furosemide elimination kinetics in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
    • Other factors likely influence furosemide elimination in children with nephrotic syndrome.

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