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Serial pulmonary function in patients with acute heart failure.

R W Light, R B George

    Archives of Internal Medicine
    |March 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Congestive heart failure causes obstructive and restrictive lung dysfunction. While treatment improves pulmonary function, obstructive patterns often persist, impacting patients long-term.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Cardiology

    Background:

    • Congestive heart failure (CHF) is associated with significant morbidity.
    • Pulmonary dysfunction is a common complication of CHF, affecting gas exchange and respiratory mechanics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of CHF on pulmonary function tests (PFTs).
    • To evaluate the changes in PFTs during the treatment of CHF.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective study involving 28 patients hospitalized for CHF.
    • Serial measurements of spirometry, lung volumes, and diffusing capacity were performed initially and throughout treatment.

    Main Results:

    • Initially, patients exhibited both obstructive (FEV1 48.2%) and restrictive (FVC 5.6%) ventilatory dysfunction.

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  • Pulmonary function improved rapidly within two weeks of treatment, with marked interindividual variability.
  • Obstructive ventilatory dysfunction persisted in 53% of nonsmokers even after treatment, indicated by a low FEV1/FVC ratio.

    • Conclusions:

    • CHF significantly impairs pulmonary function, presenting with mixed obstructive and restrictive patterns.
    • While CHF treatment leads to initial pulmonary function improvement, long-term obstructive deficits remain a concern.
    • Individualized monitoring and management are crucial for patients with CHF and persistent pulmonary dysfunction.