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Exogenous hyperthyroidism with osteoporosis.

M D Fallon, H M Perry, M Bergfeld

    Archives of Internal Medicine
    |March 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Excessive thyroid hormone medication can cause bone loss and fractures in women. This condition, known as exogenous hyperthyroidism, may be more common than previously thought due to frequent thyroid medication prescriptions.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Bone Metabolism
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones are crucial for regulating metabolism.
    • Thyroid hormone medication is widely prescribed.
    • Overtreatment can lead to adverse effects.

    Observation:

    • Three women developed osteopenia and subclinical hyperthyroidism while on excess thyroid hormone medication.
    • Symptoms included mild hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperphosphatasemia.
    • Skeletal demineralization and multiple fractures were observed.

    Findings:

    • Bone biopsies revealed accelerated bone turnover, marked osteoclastosis, and significant bone resorption.
    • These bone changes mirrored those seen in endogenous hyperthyroidism.
    • Excessive thyroid hormone replacement therapy directly impacted bone health.

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    Implications:

    • Exogenous hyperthyroidism from overtreatment is a potential cause of bone loss.
    • Clinicians should monitor bone health in patients on thyroid hormone therapy.
    • Increased awareness may improve diagnosis and management of medication-induced bone disease.