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Related Experiment Videos

Hopelessness and depression.

C J Nekanda-Trepka, S Bishop, I M Blackburn

    The British Journal of Clinical Psychology
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Reducing hopelessness in depressed patients may decrease suicidal ideation. This study found greater hopelessness correlated with increased suicidal wishes and negative expectations in depressed individuals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Clinical Psychology
    • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

    Background:

    • Hopelessness is theorized to influence suicidal ideation in depressed patients.
    • Beck's Hopelessness Scale correlates with suicidal indices, but normative data for depressed patients is lacking.
    • The link between hopelessness and specific cognitive distortions targeted by cognitive therapy requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and cognitive correlates of hopelessness in primary depression.
    • To examine the relationship between levels of hopelessness and suicidal wishes in depressed patients.
    • To provide indirect support for cognitive therapy interventions for suicidal depression.

    Main Methods:

    • Study 1: 86 newly referred primary depression patients completed Beck's Hopelessness Scale.

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  • Factor analysis was used to identify cognitive factors associated with hopelessness.
  • Study 2: 20 depressed patients were interviewed to assess the impact of varying hopelessness levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Pessimism is prevalent in depressed patients, with individual variations observed.
    • Factor analysis suggested five cognitive factors related to hopelessness, requiring replication.
    • Increased hopelessness was significantly associated with greater suicidal wishes and negative future expectations.

    Conclusions:

    • Hopelessness is a significant factor in depressed patients experiencing suicidal ideation.
    • Findings support the importance of addressing hopelessness in therapeutic interventions for suicidal depression.
    • The study provides indirect evidence for the efficacy of cognitive therapy approaches targeting hopelessness.