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Related Experiment Videos

Eye movement disorders in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.

J P Reulen, E A Sanders, L A Hogenhuis

    Brain : a Journal of Neurology
    |March 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Subclinical eye movement disorders are common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and optic neuritis (ON), indicating central nervous system demyelination beyond the primary visual pathway. Eye movement abnormalities correlate with spinal cord symptoms and internuclear ophthalmoplegia in MS patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Ophthalmology
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Optic Neuritis (ON) are demyelinating diseases affecting the central nervous system.
    • Oculomotor dysfunction can be an early indicator of neurological disease.
    • Subclinical lesions may be present even without overt neurological symptoms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate subclinical eye movement disorders in patients with MS and ON.
    • To correlate eye movement abnormalities with clinical classification and other neurological findings.
    • To explore the relationship between eye movement parameters and visual evoked response (VER) latencies.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied horizontal saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements in 84 MS and 21 ON patients.

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  • Classified MS patients clinically (definite, probable, possible).
  • Correlated eye movement parameters with VER latencies and clinical symptoms like spinal cord involvement and internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO).

    • Main Results:

    • Subclinical eye movement disorders were found in a high percentage of MS patients (60-80%) and 25% of ON patients.
    • Oculomotor abnormalities were detected in MS patients with only spinal cord symptoms, suggesting cerebral involvement.
    • Saccadic latency and smooth pursuit deficits were correlated, and INO was linked to increased saccadic latency.
    • No correlation found between saccadic/smooth pursuit abnormalities and prolonged VER latencies (P-100 peak latency).

    Conclusions:

    • Standardized eye movement examination is valuable for detecting subclinical CNS lesions in early MS and ON.
    • Oculomotor dysfunction in MS and ON suggests lesions beyond the primary visual pathways.
    • Demyelination in INO patients may extend to brainstem structures involved in saccade programming.