Haematological reference values for the Basotho.

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Population Health
• Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

• Establishing accurate haematological reference values is crucial for diagnosing and managing health conditions.
• Previous studies have suggested potential differences in haematological parameters among different ethnic groups.
• Defining strict health criteria is essential for reliable reference value determination.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish haematological reference values for a healthy adult Basotho population.
• To investigate apparent neutropenia and sex-based differences in lymphocyte counts within this population.
• To highlight the impact of health criteria on reference value accuracy.

Main Methods:

• Statistical analysis of haematological data from a defined population of healthy adult Basotho.
• Observation and documentation of specific haematological parameters, including neutrophil and lymphocyte counts.
• Evaluation of health criteria, including serum ferritin levels, in apparently healthy individuals.

Main Results:

• Apparent neutropenia in Black individuals was observed, consistent with existing literature.
• An apparent sex difference in lymphocyte counts was noted.
• A significant proportion (42%) of apparently healthy females exhibited low serum ferritin levels.
• Low ferritin levels could lead to a 1 g/dl error in haemoglobin reference values.
• Only 34% of apparently healthy females met all predefined health criteria.

Conclusions:

• Haematological reference values for Basotho adults require careful consideration of ethnic and sex-specific factors.
• Inadequate health screening, particularly regarding iron status (serum ferritin), can significantly skew reference values.
• Revised health criteria are necessary for accurate haematological reference value determination in diverse populations.