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Familial resemblance in fatness indicators.

R Savard, C Bouchard, C Leblanc

    Annals of Human Biology
    |March 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Genetic factors significantly influence human fatness, as evidenced by familial resemblance in body fat indicators. This resemblance persists even after accounting for lifestyle variables like diet and exercise.

    Area of Science:

    • Human genetics
    • Obesity research
    • Anthropometry

    Background:

    • Familial resemblance in body fatness is a complex trait.
    • Previous studies suggest both genetic and environmental influences.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the extent of familial resemblance in various fatness indicators.
    • To determine if genetic factors contribute significantly to human fatness, independent of lifestyle.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured six skinfold sites and predicted body fat percentage in 481 individuals from 114 families.
    • Standardized data for age and sex, creating standardized scores (SS).
    • Statistically controlled for lifestyle variables (energy intake, expenditure, socioeconomic status) to obtain residual scores (RS) for familial analyses.

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    Main Results:

    • Significant between-family variation in fatness indicators (P ≤ 0.01), with intra-class correlations ranging from 0.15 to 0.26.
    • No significant resemblance in fatness indicators was found between spouses.
    • Significant covariation between biological relatives (0.16 ≤ r ≤ 0.24) persisted even after controlling for lifestyle variables (0.16 ≤ r ≤ 0.40).

    Conclusions:

    • Findings support a substantial genetic effect on human fatness.
    • The significant resemblance among biological relatives, independent of lifestyle, highlights the role of heritability.