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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
08:37

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: April 21, 2015

Reticuloendothelial function in coeliac disease and ulcerative colitis.

K R Palmer, D C Barber, S B Sherriff

    Gut
    |May 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Patients with ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease show isolated splenic dysfunction, not generalized reticuloendothelial atrophy. Their immune system

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Reticuloendothelial System Function

    Background:

    • Patients with ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease exhibit impaired splenic phagocytosis.
    • Reticuloendothelial system (RES) function is crucial for immune surveillance and clearance of foreign particles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if splenic dysfunction in ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease is part of a generalized reticuloendothelial malfunction.
    • To assess the clearance of micro-aggregated albumin as an indicator of Kupffer cell function.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed circulatory clearance of heat-damaged red cells to confirm splenic phagocytosis.
    • Measured circulatory clearance of micro-aggregated albumin in patients with bowel disease and controls.
    • Compared albumin clearance in patients with and without splenectomy or hyposplenism.

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    Published on: December 3, 2020

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    07:32

    An Intravital Microscopy-Based Approach to Assess Intestinal Permeability and Epithelial Cell Shedding Performance

    Published on: December 3, 2020

    Main Results:

    • Patients with ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease demonstrated impaired splenic phagocytosis but normal micro-aggregated albumin clearance.
    • Surgical splenectomy impaired albumin clearance, indicating the spleen's role in its removal.
    • Hyposplenism in bowel disease patients did not lead to further impairment in albumin clearance, suggesting isolated splenic dysfunction.
    • Coeliac disease patients with normal splenic function showed increased reticuloendothelial catabolic activity, unlike those with abnormal splenic function.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyposplenism in ulcerative colitis and coeliac disease appears to be an isolated phenomenon, not indicative of generalized reticuloendothelial atrophy.
    • Reticuloendothelial system function may be differentially affected in gastrointestinal diseases.
    • Further research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms of RES involvement in these conditions.