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Dengue virus-induced cytotoxic factor induces macrophages to produce a cytotoxin
Abstract:
In our earlier studies we have observed that T lymphocytes of dengue type 2 virus (DV)-infected mouse spleen produce a cytotoxic factor (CF). In the present study it has been observed that CF induces mouse spleen and peritoneal macrophages to produce a cytotoxin (CF2) as has been revealed by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. CF2 is produced by an induction process and is present intracellularly as well as leaking out of the cells. CF2 kills most of the macrophages and some of the T cells, as observed with CF. It appears that CF2 is produced to amplify the effect of CF and/or for cooperative action with CF.
Insights
T lymphocytes from dengue type 2 virus (DV)-infected mice produce cytotoxic factor (CF). This CF induces macrophages to produce a second cytotoxin (CF2), amplifying DV-induced cell death.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Dengue type 2 virus (DV) infection in mice leads to T lymphocyte production of cytotoxic factor (CF).
- Previous studies identified CF in DV-infected mouse spleen T lymphocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between cytotoxic factor (CF) and macrophages in DV infection.
- To characterize the production and function of a novel cytotoxin induced by CF.
Main Methods:
- DEAE-cellulose chromatography was used to isolate and identify the induced cytotoxin.
- Cellular assays were performed to assess the cytotoxic effects on macrophages and T cells.
Main Results:
- Cytotoxic factor (CF) induces mouse spleen and peritoneal macrophages to produce a new cytotoxin, designated CF2.
- CF2 is produced via an induction process and found both intracellularly and extracellularly.
- CF2 exhibits cytotoxicity against macrophages and T cells, similar to CF.
Conclusions:
- CF2 is likely produced to enhance or cooperate with CF's cytotoxic effects during DV infection.
- This suggests a multi-step cytotoxic mechanism amplifying the immune response against DV.