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Surface features of the conjunctiva and cornea
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|May 1, 1983
Summary
Guinea pig ocular surfaces feature microvilli and microplicae coated in a glycocalyx. This structure binds mucus and immunoglobulins, forming a protective barrier for the eye.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The ocular surface epithelium is protected by a complex layer involving tears, mucus, and immunoglobulins.
- Understanding the structural basis of this protective layer is crucial for ocular health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ultrastructure of the guinea pig corneal and conjunctival surfaces.
- To characterize the cell surface coat (glycocalyx) and its potential role in binding protective substances.
Main Methods:
- Transmission electron microscopy was used for morphological examination.
- Cytochemical staining with ruthenium red and tannic acid enhanced glycoprotein detection.
- Surface projection dimensions and glycocalyx extent were measured.
Main Results:
- Corneal and conjunctival epithelia possess microvilli and microplicae of varying lengths.
- A filamentous glycocalyx, approximately 300 nm thick, covers these projections.
- Ruthenium red staining indicated the presence of highly charged polyanions within the glycocalyx.
Conclusions:
- The microvilli, microplicae, and glycocalyx form a structural framework on the ocular surface.
- This framework is essential for binding mucus, immunoglobulins, and other factors, contributing to eye protection.