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Estimation of repeatability, heritability and breed differences for lamb production.

S E Clarke, W D Hohenboken

    Journal of Animal Science
    |February 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Crossbred ewes exhibit significant breed differences in production traits like fertility and litter weight, influenced by pasture type. Repeatability and heritability estimates vary across traits, informing breeding strategies for improved sheep production.

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    Area of Science:

    • Animal Science
    • Sheep Production
    • Quantitative Genetics

    Background:

    • Crossbreeding is a common strategy in sheep production to leverage heterosis and combine desirable traits.
    • Understanding breed differences and genotype x environment interactions is crucial for optimizing ewe productivity.
    • Estimating repeatability and heritability provides insights into the genetic basis of production traits and potential for genetic improvement.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze production records of crossbred ewes to estimate breed differences.
    • To investigate genotype x environment interactions affecting ewe production traits.
    • To estimate repeatability and heritability for key ewe production traits.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of production records from crossbred ewes with Suffolk- or Columbia-type dams and sires from Finnsheep, Dorset, North Country Cheviot, or Romney breeds.

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  • Evaluation of traits including weight at mating (WTM), fertility (FRT), number of lambs born (BRN), number weaned (WEN), and litter weights (WTA, WTW).
  • Statistical estimation of breed differences, genotype x environment interactions, repeatability, and heritability using sire-of-ewe components.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant breed differences were observed; Suffolk-cross ewes were heavier at mating than Columbia-cross ewes.
    • Fertility varied by pasture type: Finnsheep-cross and Cheviot-cross ewes excelled on hill pastures, while Dorset-cross ewes performed best on irrigated pastures.
    • Finnsheep-cross ewes showed larger litter sizes and heavier litter weights, particularly on irrigated pastures. Repeatability was highest for WTM (.61), while heritability was highest for WTM (.40).

    Conclusions:

    • Crossbreeding strategies can be tailored based on pasture environment to maximize ewe fertility and litter performance.
    • Significant genetic variation exists for some production traits (e.g., WTM, BRN), indicating potential for genetic selection.
    • Low heritability estimates for traits like WEN, WTA, and WTW suggest that environmental factors and management play a larger role in these outcomes.