Pressure-flow relationships in two models of the larynx having rectangular glottal shapes

The pressure-flow equations used in computer simulation studies of phonation lack experimental validation. Two polyester resin models of the laryngeal airway with rectangular glottal ducts were constructed in order to obtain the relationships between translaryngeal pressure drop and volume flow through the airway. The results are in disagreement with the early estimates of Wegel [Bell Syst. Tech. J. 9, 207-227 (1930)], but match the predictions given by Ishizaka and Matsudaira [SCRL Monograph No. 8 (1972)] to within approximately +/- 10% for typical translaryngeal pressures for speech, with larger discrepancies being found for the model with the larger glottal diameter. The equation given by van den Berg et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 29, 626-631 (1957)] may not be properly compared because their supraglottal pressure hole location may have been different from that used in the present study. The data from the two models also are compared to recent empirical studies using an enlarged model of the larynx [J. Gauffin et al., Conference on Vocal Fold Physiology, Madison (1981)].