The edematous client: causes, physical assessment and treatment

Fluid movement between the plasma and interstitial compartments is regulated by a balance of forces at the capillary level. Several factors can alter this balance and lead to edema formation. Since the body has no compensatory mechanism to rid the body of excess fluid once edema appears, it is essential for nurse practitioners to accurately assess clients who may be at risk for fluid retention. This article describes the factors responsible for excess fluid accumulation, client assessment and treatment of generalized edema.