[Preventive measures before a difficult intubation]

Difficult intubations occur frequently. Unfortunately they cannot always be recognized before intubating. This paper describes the most important prophylactical measures which can prevent risks during intubation. These are: examination (morphology, mobilization of the joints, laryngoscopy), optimal positioning of the patient, aspiration prophylaxis, choice and preparation of equipment and drugs, the repeated question of necessity of intubation, the oxygen supply and the attempt to ventilate the patient before giving muscle relaxants. Particularly the last two measures are of great importance in the majority of cases.